What is the problem? 

Typical symptoms of joint pain during the menopause include stiff, swollen and warm joints. Morning stiffness (which eases throughout the day), worsening of pain with exercise and relief of pain with rest are also common symptoms in women suffering from joint pain. As this pain is common in women approaching the menopause, the term 'menopausal arthritis' is used to describe this particularly unpleasant symptom.

Be careful, it can be difficult to distinguish between menopausal symptoms and pain caused by osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.

Osteoarthritis is caused by joint wear and tear, and rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease. This means that your immune system (which normally fights infections) mistakenly attacks the cells that line your joints, causing them to swell, stiffen and hurt. If the pain is too severe and occurs regularly, you should not hesitate to see your doctor.

What are the reasons for this?

The drop in oestrogen plays an important role in the development of musculoskeletal pain during the menopause. Oestrogen affects cartilage, which forms the connective tissue of the joints, as well as bone renewal (the body's natural bone replacement) and can therefore play a role in inflammation and pain. 

However, doctors still do not know exactly how the hormones affect the joints. One theory is that, as with the eyes and skin, a dehydration phenomenon occurs. There could be a lack of synovial fluid, which would mean that the joints are no longer sufficiently lubricated.

What solutions are available?

You should treat your joints gently and encourage gentle movements. Massaging the affected joint noticeably stimulates blood circulation, which can help. If the pain is too severe, it is important to keep the affected joint still and cool it down. 

Pain during movement is a common problem with painful joints. Targeted exercises can stimulate the joints and ensure that the synovial fluid is regularly renewed. Cycling or swimming are ideal activities, as are walking, yoga or aquafit. These sports promote blood circulation and thus ensure a good supply of nutrients to cartilage, bones and connective tissue. Strengthening the muscles around the joints also prevents pain.

There is also evidence that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can relieve musculoskeletal pain caused by the menopause by restoring hormone levels. It can also be beneficial for arthritis. Don't hesitate to talk to your gynecologist or family doctor about it.