Dear MHI reader

The menopause brings with it many changes that can affect your body and your health. One important but often overlooked component of this phase of life is your thyroid, a small, butterfly-shaped gland in your neck. This small gland plays a central role in metabolism and influences many bodily functions, such as

• our energy turnover
• how awake we are
• how well our libido works
• is involved in our heart rate and speed of digestion
• and also to our fertility.

Here you can find out how the menopause can affect your thyroid function and what you should know about it.

Similar symptoms: Menopause and thyroid problems

The menopause is known for its characteristic symptoms such as hot flushes, sleep disorders and mood swings. Interestingly, many of these symptoms can also indicate a malfunction of the thyroid gland. For example, if you suddenly notice unexplained weight gain, persistent fatigue or severe mood swings, this could be caused by both the menopause and an underactive thyroid gland.

The similarity of symptoms makes it difficult to determine the exact cause, which can lead to misdiagnosis. It is therefore crucial to carry out a comprehensive examination if symptoms are unclear in order to rule out or confirm a thyroid dysfunction. To clarify the situation, you should be aware of the similarities:

Symptom	Menopause	Thyroid problems
Hot flushes	Frequently	Rarely with hyperfunction
Sleep disorders	Frequently	Frequently
Mood swings	Frequently	Frequently
Weight gain	Possible	Frequently with hypofunction
Tiredness	Frequently	Frequently

Many of these symptoms overlap, which is why it is important to determine the exact cause. A thorough examination can help you determine whether your symptoms are caused by the menopause or by a thyroid problem.

Your increased risk of thyroid disease during the menopause

The risk of suffering from thyroid disease increases with the onset of the menopause. This is due to the complex hormonal changes that occur during this phase. The falling oestrogen and progesterone levels can put a strain on the thyroid gland and disrupt the balance of thyroid hormones.

Both hyperthyroidism (hyperthyroidism) and hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism) can develop. In addition, hormonal fluctuations can cause thyroid nodules to form, which in some cases can be malignant. It is important to be aware of this increased risk and to take preventive measures to protect the health of the thyroid gland.

Interactions between hormones: Thyroid gland and female sex hormones

The interaction between thyroid hormones and female sex hormones is an often underestimated factor in menopausal women’s health care. Here are some important points:

• Progesterone and thyroid: Falling progesterone levels can impair thyroid function, which leads to a slowdown in metabolism.
• Interactions: An existing hypothyroidism can increase the symptoms of the menopause such as hot flushes and tiredness.

It is crucial that you have your thyroid and hormone levels checked regularly. This way you can ensure that both systems remain in balance and that you feel better.

Importance of thyroid examinations during the menopause

During the menopause, regular monitoring of your thyroid function is particularly important. Early detection of thyroid problems can help improve quality of life and minimize long-term health risks. Here’s what you should keep in mind:

• Blood tests: Have your TSH, fT3 and fT4 levels tested regularly to monitor the function of your thyroid gland.
• Ultrasound: An ultrasound can help to detect nodules or other abnormalities in the thyroid gland at an early stage.
• Symptom clarification: If you have unclear symptoms, have them medically clarified to make sure that it is not a thyroid dysfunction.

You should have these examinations carried out at regular intervals, especially if symptoms occur that can be attributed to both the menopause and a thyroid disorder.

Treatment options for thyroid problems

If you are diagnosed with a thyroid dysfunction during the menopause, there are various treatment options available to you.

• In the case of hypothyroidism: Treatment with synthetic thyroid hormones can help to compensate for the hormone deficiency and normalize your metabolism.
• In the case of hyperfunction: In the case of hyperfunction, medication can be used to block hormone production. In severe cases, radioiodine therapy or surgery may be necessary.

Targeted and early treatment can not only improve the function of your thyroid gland, but also alleviate menopausal symptoms and maintain your quality of life.

Your thyroid plays a crucial role in your well-being during the menopause. Pay attention to your body’s signals and have your thyroid levels checked regularly. This way you can ensure that you are healthy and full of energy during this phase of your life.